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排序方式: 共有1925条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
91.
Zargar AH Sheikh MI Bashir MI Masoodi SR Laway BA Wani AI Bhat MH Dar FA 《Diabetes research and clinical practice》2004,66(2):139-145
This prospective study was carried out to determine the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in Kashmiri women and to assess the effect of various demographic factors. Two thousand pregnant women (divided into groups A and B, being the first and last 1000 consecutive women) attending various antenatal clinics in six districts of Kashmir valley were screened for GDM by 1 h 50 g oral glucose challenge test. Four hundred and fourteen (20.8%) women (216 from group A and 198 from group B) had an abnormal screening test and proceeded to oral glucose tolerance testing. Women from group A had a 3 h 100 gram oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and GDM was as classified by Carpenter and Coustan. A 2 h 75 g OGTT was performed on group B subjects and WHO criteria applied for diagnosis of GDM. The overall prevalence of GDM was 3.8% (3.1% in group A versus 4.4% in group B-P-value 0.071). GDM prevalence steadily increased with age (from 1.7% in women below 25 years to 18% in women 35 years or older). GDM occurred more frequently in women who were residing in urban areas, had borne three or more children, had history of abortion(s) or GDM during previous pregnancies, had given birth to a macrosomic baby, or had a family history of diabetes mellitus. Women with obesity, hypertension, osmotic symptoms, proteinuria or hydramnios had a higher prevalence of GDM. 相似文献
92.
B Murtaza M Akmal WA Niaz H Ahmad A Mahmood 《Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP》2012,22(8):542-544
A case of hydronephrosis with a rare underlying cause in a 35 years old male is described. He reported with pain in the left lumbar region with a past history of left ureterolithotomy. The ultrasound and IVU studies were suggestive of left hydronephroureter. CT Scan showed left hydronephroureter with narrowing at the lower end of left ureter. Ureterorenoscopy (URS) confirmed polypoidal lesions in the left lower ureter, completely obliterating the lumen and involving the whole circumferential wall of the lower ureter. The biopsy of the lesion revealed an inflammatory polyp. Accordingly open surgical intervention was planned. Excision of the lower third of left ureter with ureteric reimplantation was done with a Boari flap. The histopathology report of the lower third of ureter confirmed inverted papilloma of ureter. The patient made a smooth postoperative recovery. 相似文献
93.
Recent results have demonstrated a major reduction in lung cancer mortality through computed tomography screening and no benefit from chest radiograph (CXR) screening. This presents a huge potential for benefit but also poses challenges regarding management of details to minimize harm. Many unresolved questions remain that must be addressed to implement computed tomography screening for lung cancer in a thoughtful and responsible way. 相似文献
94.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Platelets play a vital role in the normal hemostasis, and derangements of their function can lead to hemorrhage or thrombosis. While we have made progress in elucidating the molecular mechanisms leading to platelet adhesion, aggregation, shape change, and secretion, clinically useful tests of platelet function have lagged behind. The following is a review of some of the currently available tests of platelet function, their advantages and drawbacks, as well as the clinical scenarios in which they are likely to be useful. RECENT FINDINGS: Attention is now being paid to standardization and optimization of older tests such as platelet aggregometry, in addition to better defining the role of newer tests such as the platelet function analyzer and thromboelastography in diagnosing and managing disorders of primary hemostasis and platelet function. SUMMARY: Platelet function is complex and may be disrupted at any of a number of steps, including adhesion, aggregation, shape change and secretion. We are better defining the role of the currently available tests, while identifying gaps in our ability to diagnose disorders of platelet function. 相似文献
95.
Familial atrial fibrillation is a genetically heterogeneous disorder 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
Darbar D Herron KJ Ballew JD Jahangir A Gersh BJ Shen WK Hammill SC Packer DL Olson TM 《Journal of the American College of Cardiology》2003,41(12):2185-2192
OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study were to identify and characterize familial cases of atrial fibrillation (AF) in our clinical practice and to determine whether AF is genetically heterogeneous. BACKGROUND: Atrial fibrillation is not generally regarded as a heritable disorder, yet a genetic locus for familial AF was previously mapped to chromosome 10. METHODS: Of 2,610 patients seen in our arrhythmia clinic during an 18-month study period, 914 (35%) were diagnosed with AF. Familial cases were identified by history and medical records review. Four multi-generation families with autosomal dominant AF (FAF 1 to 4) were tested for linkage to the chromosome 10 AF locus. RESULTS: Fifty probands (5% of all AF patients; 15% of lone AF patients) were identified with lone AF (age 41 +/- 9 years) and a positive family history (1 to 9 additional relatives affected). In FAF 1 to 3, AF was associated with rapid ventricular response. In contrast, AF in FAF-4 was associated with a slow ventricular response and, with progression of the disease, junctional rhythm and cardiomyopathy. Genotyping of FAF 1 to 4 with deoxyribonucleic acid markers spanning the chromosome 10q22-q24 region excluded linkage of AF to this locus. In FAF-4, linkage was also excluded to the chromosome 3p22-p25 and lamin A/C loci associated with familial AF, conduction system disease, and dilated cardiomyopathy. CONCLUSIONS: Familial AF is more common than previously recognized, highlighting the importance of genetics in disease pathogenesis. In four families with AF, we have excluded linkage to chromosome 10q22-q24, establishing that at least two disease genes are responsible for this disorder. 相似文献
96.
Kiran Alam M.D. Anshu Jain M.D. Veena Maheshwari M.D. Farhan Asif Siddiqui M.D. Nazima Haider M.D. Arshad Hafiz Khan M.S. M.C.H. 《Diagnostic cytopathology》2011,39(6):461-467
To establish the role of fine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) as a diagnostic tool for non‐Hodgkins lymphoma in a resource challenged environment. This study was conducted on patients with lymphadenopathy, attending various clinics over a period of 18 months. FNAC of the enlarged lymph nodes was performed and biopsy, special stains and immunohistochemical staining was done in selected cases. Out of the total 275 cases, 42 cases (16%) were primary lymphoproliferative disorders. Non‐Hodgkin lymphoma comprised of 32 cases (76.2% of all lymphomas), Hodgkin lymphoma‐10 cases and the rest were metastatic carcinoma. The diagnostic accuracy for non‐Hodgkin Lymphoma was 93.3%, sensitivity 95.4%, and specificity 87.5%. FNAC is a rapid, safe, easy, and nonexpensive diagnostic technique which can be used for early diagnosis of non‐Hodgkins lymphoma. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. 相似文献
97.
Surgical replacement of a native valve with a biological or mechanical prosthesis is the definitive treatment for many forms
of advanced valvular heart disease. Mechanical heart valves are less prone to structural deterioration compared with bioprostheses,
but require chronic oral anticoagulation to prevent thromboembolic events. Thromboembolic risk varies based on patient-related
risk factors, including atrial fibrillation, advanced age, low ejection fraction, and hypercoagulability. Other important
correlates of high thromboembolic risk include valve design, valve position, anticoagulation variability, and time from surgery.
Clinical management is further complicated when antithrombotics may need to be interrupted or altered during surgery or pregnancy.
At present, vitamin K antagonists are the only approved agents for thromboprophylaxis but are limited because of a narrow
therapeutic window and requirement for frequent monitoring. Novel anticoagulants, including inhibitors of factor IIa and Xa,
are currently being evaluated and may emerge as alternatives to vitamin K antagonists. 相似文献
98.
Abubakr A. Bajwa Faisal Usman Danny Pulido James D. Cury Luis Laos 《Respiratory Medicine CME》2010,3(3):153-155
A 19-year-old boy presented to ambulatory clinic with shortness of breath after walking two blocks. He denied any cough, orthopnea, chest pain or hemoptysis. Ten months prior to admission he was admitted to the medical intensive care unit with respiratory failure and was diagnosed with Goodpasture syndrome. He was treated with cyclophosphamide and steroids. He was discharged home after recovering. Patient subsequently developed dyspnea on minimal exertion. Spirometry showed severe obstructive lung disease and HRCT of chest showed diffuse micronodular disease with patchy ground-glass opacities, mild bronchiectasis and bronchiolectasis. Serologies for goodpasture syndrome were normal. A diagnosis of post-Goodpasture syndrome constrictive bronchiolitis was made. Due to severity of symptoms he was treated with azithromycin. His FEV1 doubled in 3 months and in addition to significant clinical improvement the HRCT findings also improved. This is the first described case of constrictive bronciolitis developing as an aftermath of Goodpasture syndrome. 相似文献
99.
Satyaswarup Tripathy Arshad H. Khan Surabhi Sharma 《European journal of plastic surgery》2010,33(1):23-28
Defects around the elbow region are often irregular with exposed nerves, tendons, bones/joint, and implants. Skin grafts,
though possible in some cases, must be avoided, as it requires prolonged splintage and physiotherapy to prevent recurrence
and elbow stiffness. Distant flaps require multiple stages, and free flaps are rarely indicated for elbow defects. Muscle
flaps are bulky. To overcome these problems, distally based fasciocutaneous flaps from medial and lateral sides of the arm
based on posterior ulnar recurrent artery and radial recurrent artery, respectively, were used. Ten patients were studied.
Age of the patients ranged from 10 to 40 years. Five were male, and five were female. Radial and ulnar recurrent flaps were
used in five patients each. The largest flap size was 18 × 8 cm, and the smallest was 10 × 6 cm. The flaps were islanded in
four cases, and in six cases, they were used as pedicled flaps. Skin grafts were used in 90% of the patients because large
flaps were required for resurfacing; also, our patients had thinner arms with less girth. All flaps survived well. One island
flap had venous congestion and marginal necrosis, which eventually healed. A significant improvement of mobility and elbow
movement was noted in all patients. These flaps can be raised even from the previously burnt skin, as the pedicle is located
deep. These flaps have the following advantages: The flap is reliable (deeply located consistent vascular pedicle), can cover
both the flexor and extensor surface of the elbow joint, avoids prolonged splintage, elbow stiffness, and recurrence, good
aesthetic, and has functional results. 相似文献